Жизнь Земли. Междисциплинарный научно-практический журнал Life of the Earth 10.29003/m3774.0514-7468.2024_46_1/60-72 2160 О ПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЦЕННОСТИ КОЛЛЕКЦИЙ НИЖНЕФРАНСКИХ БЕСПОЗВОНОЧНЫХ ГЛАВНОГО ДЕВОНСКОГО ПОЛЯ В ФОНДАХ ГОРНОГО МУЗЕЯ ON THE PALEOECOLOGICAL VALUE OF THE COLLECTIONSOF LOWER FRASNIAN INVERTEBRATES OF THE MAIN DEVONIANFIELD IN THE MINING MUSEUM Цинкобурова М.Г., Кузнецов А.В. Tsinkoburova, M.G., Kuznetsov, A.V. 21 02 2024 46 1 60 72 21 02 2024

Описаны две группы фаций, наиболее широко представленных в коллекциях нижнефранских беспозвоночных Главного девонского поля в Горном музее – хардграунды и пелециподовые банки. Установлено наличие трёх типов хардграундов, различающихся по характеру первоначального дна и времени экспозиции хардграунда, а отсюда структурно-текстурными особенностями и систематическим составом ориктоценозов: криноидные известняки, микритовые известняки, пелециподовые известняки. Для наиболее широко распространённых хардграундов первого типа обнаружено наличие специфической тафофации, характеризующейся хорошей степенью сохранности органических остатков первой генерации, практически полным отсутствием органических остатков второй генерации и полным отсутствием биоэродирующих организмов. В ориктоценозах пелециподовых ракушняков установлено три морфологических и этологических типа корнулитид.

The article describes two groups of facies most widely represented in the collections of Lower Frasnian invertebrates of the Main Devonian Field in the Mining Museum (hardgrounds and pelecypod banks). The presence of three types of hardgrounds has been established, differing in the nature of the original bottom and the time of exposure of each hardground, and hence structural and textural features of rocks and systematic composition of oryctocenoses. The first type is crinoidal limestone with an extensive complex of sclerobionts and traces of bioerosion by Trypanites Mägdefrau, an uneven surface and a visually almost complete absence of impregnation. In hardgrounds of this type, three generations of sclerobionts are distinguished, namely: abiogenic substrates (first), incrustators of the remains of organisms of the first generation (second), and bioerosion organisms (third). The second type is micritic limestone with a smooth glass-type surface, a small complex of sclerobionts and traces of bioerosion by Trypanites Mägdefrau. The third type is pelecypod limestones with an uneven surface, isolated sclerobionts, numerous traces of bioerosion by Trypanites Mägdefrau and strong ferruginous impregnation. For the most widespread hardgrounds of the first type, the presence of specific taphofacies has been established, characterized by good preservation of organic remains of the first generation, an almost complete absence of organic remains of the second generation, and a complete absence of bioerodible organisms. The appearance of such taphofacies is due to the short exposure time of the hardground and the beginning of a rapid process of new accumulation immediately after the appearance of the first organisms of the second generation. The presence of such taphofacies emphasizes the importance of distinguishing taphofacies in certain paleofacies and certain types of oryctocenoses. In the oryctocenoses of pelecypod shells, three morphological and ethological types of cornulitids have been established. The most representative settlements of cornulithids were characteristic of calcareous clay soils with small areas of compacted bottom.

 нижний франГлавное девонское полеГорный музейхардграундыпелециподовые банкикорнулитидыTrypanitesпалеоэкологиятафофацииориктоценозысклеробионты Lower FrasnianMain Devonian FieldMining Museumhardgroundspelecypod bankscornulitidsTrypanitespaleoecologytaphofaciesoryctocenosessclerobionts Вербицкий В.Р., Вербицкий И.В., Васильева О.В. и др. Государственная геологическая карта Российской Федерации. М. 1:1 000 000 (третье поколение). Серия Центрально-Европейская. Листы O-35 – Псков, (N-35), O-36 – Санкт-Петербург. Объяснительная записка. СПб: Картографическая фабрика ВСЕГЕИ, 2012. 508 с.Геккер Р.Ф. Жизнь в девонском море. Палеоэкология девона Ленинградской области. Путеводитель по выставке. М.–Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1935. 67 с.Геккер Р.Ф. Ископаемая фация гладкого каменного морского дна (К вопросу о типах каменного морского дна) // Тр. Ин-та геол. АН ЭССР. 1960. Т. 5. С. 199–227.Геккер Р.Ф. Тафономические и экологические особенности фауны и флоры Главного девонского поля. М.: Наука, 1983. 144 с.Цинкобурова М.Г. Некоторые замечания о характеристике тафофаций (на примере нижнефранских хардграундов Главного девонского поля) // Естественные и технические науки. 2023. № 3 (178). С. 149–154.Bayer S., Balseiro D., Muñoz D.F., Gordillo S. Unveiling the consequences of environmental variation and species abundances on beach taphofacies in Bahamas: the role of cementation and exhumation // PALAIOS. 2019. V. 34. P. 300–316.Boessenecker R.W., Perry F.A., Schmitt J.G. Comparative Taphonomy, Taphofacies, and Bonebeds of the Mio-Pliocene Purisima Formation, Central California: Strong Physical Control on Marine Vertebrate Preservation in Shallow Marine Settings // PLoS ONE. 2014. 9 (3). P. 1–49.Brett C.E., Moffat H.A., Taylor W.L. Echinoderm taphonomy, taphofacies, and Lagerstätten // The Paleontological Society Papers. A publication of The Paleontological Society, Vol. Geobiology of Echinoderms. 1997. P. 147–190.Mahyad M., Safari A., Vaziri-Moghaddam H., Seyrafian A. Biofacies, Taphofacies, and Depositional Environments in the North of Neotethys Seaway (Qom Formation, Miocene, Central Iran) // Russian Geology and Geophysics. 2019. V. 60, № 12. P. 1368–1384.Moutinho L.P., Scomazzon A.K., Nascimento S., Lemos V.B. Taphofacies of Lower-Middle Pennsylvanian marine invertebrates from the Monte Alegre and Itaituba formations, part of the outcropped marine sequence of the Tapajós Group (Southern Amazonas Basin, Brazil) – regional palaeoecological model // J. of South American Earth Sciences. 2016. V. 70. P. 83–114.Rozhnov S.V., Palmer T.D. The origin of the ecosystem of hardgrounds and the ordovician benthic radiation // Paleontological J. 1996. V. 30, № 6. P. 688–692.Vinn O., Madison A., Wilson M.A., Toom U. Cornulitid tubeworms and other calcareous tubicolous organisms from the Hirmuse Formation (Katian, Upper Ordovician) of northern Estonia // J. of Paleontology. 2022. V. 97, Is. 1. P. 38–46.Vinn O., Toom U. A sparsely encrusted hardground with abundant Trypanites borings from the Llandovery of the Velise River, western Estonia (Baltica) // Estonian J. of Earth Sciences. 2016. 65. P. 19–26.Vinn O., Toom U. Some encrusted hardgrounds from the Ordovician of Estonia (Baltica) // Carnets de Géologie. 2015. 15 (7). P. 63–70.Wilson M.A., Palmer T. Hardgrounds and hardgrounds faunas. Wales: University of Wales, 1992. 131 p.Zhuravlev A.V., Sokiran E.V., Evdokimova I.O., Dorofeeva L.A., Rusetskaya G.A., Małkowski K. Faunal and facies changes at the Early–Middle Frasnian boundary in the north-western East European Platform // Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2006. V. 51, № 4. P. 747–758.Ziegler W., Sandberg C.A. The late Devonian Standard Conodont Zonation. Senckenberg: Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Band 121, 1990. 115 p.Zhao F., Caron J-B., Hu S., Zhu M. Quantatative analysis of taphofacies and paleocommunities in the Early Cambrian Chengjang lagerstätte // PALAIOS. 2009. 24 (12). P. 826–839. Verbitsky, V.R., Verbitsky, I.V., Vasilieva, O.V., et al., State geological map of Russian Federation, Scale 1:1 000 000 (third generation), Central European part: pages O-35 – Pskov, (N-35), O-36 – Saint-Petersburg, Description (Saint-Petersburg: VSEGEI, 2012) (in Russian).Gekker, R.F., Life in the Devonian Sea. Paleoecology of the Devonian of the Leningrad region. Exhibition Guide (Moscow–Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of USSR, 1935) (in Russian).Gekker, R.F., “Fossil facies of rocky seafloor (On the issue of types of rocky seafloor)”, Trudy instituta geologii akademii nauk Estonskoj SSR 5, 199–227 (1960) (in Russian).Gekker, R.F., Taphonomic and ecological features of the fauna and flora of the Main Devonian field (Moscow: Nauka, 1983) (in Russian).Tsinkoburova, M.G., “Some remarks on the characteristics of the taphophacies (on the example of the Lower Frasnian hardgrounds of the Main Devonian Field)”, Yestestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki 3 (178), 149–154 (2023) (in Russian).Bayer, S., Balseiro, D., Muñoz, D.F., Gordillo, S., “Unveiling the consequences of environmental variation and species abundances on beach taphofacies in Bahamas: the role of cementation and exhumation”, PALAIOS 34, 300–316 (2019).Boessenecker, R.W., Perry, F.A., Schmitt, J.G., “Comparative Taphonomy, Taphofacies, and Bonebeds of the Mio-Pliocene Purisima Formation, Central California: Strong Physical Control on Marine Vertebrate Preservation in Shallow Marine Settings”, PLoS ONE 9 (3), 1–49 (2014).Brett, C.E., Moffat, H.A., Taylor, W.L., “Echinoderm taphonomy, taphofacies, and Lagerstätten”, The Paleontological Society Papers. A publication of The Paleontological Society, V. Geobiology of Echinoderms, 147–190 (1997).Mahyad, M., Safari, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Seyrafian, A., “Biofacies, Taphofacies, and Depositional Environments in the North of Neotethys Seaway (Qom Formation, Miocene, Central Iran)”, Russian Geology and Geophysics 60 (12), 1368–1384 (2019).Moutinho, L.P., Scomazzon, A.K., Nascimento, S., Lemos, V.B., “Taphofacies of Lower-Middle Pennsylvanian marine invertebrates from the Monte Alegre and Itaituba formations, part of the outcropped marine sequence of the Tapajós Group (Southern Amazonas Basin, Brazil) – regional paleoecological model”, J. of South American Earth Sciences 70, 83–114 (2016).Rozhnov, S.V., Palmer, T.D., “The origin of the ecosystem of hardgrounds and the ordovician benthic radiation”, Paleontological J. 30 (6), 688–692 (1996).Vinn, O., Madison, A., Wilson, M.A., Toom, U., “Cornulitid tubeworms and other calcareous tubicolous organisms from the Hirmuse Formation (Katian, Upper Ordovician) of northern Estonia”, J. of Paleontology 97, Is. 1, 38–46 (2022).Vinn, O., Toom, U., “A sparsely encrusted hardground with abundant Trypanites borings from the Llandovery of the Velise River, western Estonia (Baltica)”, Estonian J. of Earth Sciences 65, 19–26 (2016).Vinn, O., Toom, U. “Some encrusted hardgrounds from the Ordovician of Estonia (Baltica)”, Carnets de Géologie 15 (7), 63–70 (2015).Wilson, M.A., Palmer, T. Hardgrounds and hardgrounds faunas (Wales: University of Wales, 1992).Zhuravlev, A.V., Sokiran, E.V., Evdokimova, I.O., Dorofeeva, L.A., Rusetskaya, G.A., Małkowski, K., “Faunal and facies changes at the Early–Middle Frasnian boundary in the north−western East European Platform”, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (4), 747–758 (2006).Ziegler, W., Sandberg, C.A., The late Devonian Standard Conodont Zonation (Senckenberg: Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Band 121, 1990).Zhao, F., Caron, J-B., Hu, S., Zhu, M., “Quantatative analysis of taphofacies and paleocommunities in the Early Cambrian Chengjang lagerstätte”, PALAIOS 24 (12), 826–839 (2009).