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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 2
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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 2

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DOI

10.29003/m4157.0514-7468.2023_46_2/186-197

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Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., Snakin, V.V., Khrisanov, V.R., Rybalsky, N.G., Muravyeva, E.V.

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Far North ecosystems, agricultural zoning, reindeer pastures, industrial development, conservation, rational use of natural resources.

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Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., Snakin, V.V., Khrisanov, V.R., Rybalsky, N.G., Muravyeva, E.V., “Agro-landscape and ecological zoning of forage ecosystems of the Russian Arctic”, Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 2, 186–197 (2024) (in Russ., abstr. in Engl.). DOI: 10.29003/m4157.0514-7468.2023_46_2/186-197.

Agro-landscape and ecological zoning of forage ecosystems of the Russian Arctic

The key principle of the Arctic development should be nature-saving nature management. The agro-landscape-ecological zoning of the Far North fodder ecosystems developed at the V.R. Williams Federal Research Centre for Forage Production and Agroecology is aimed at this very goal. About 90 % of Murmansk District is occupied by reindeer pastures, in some places disturbed as a result of their irrational use by reindeer herders, mining, construction, and transport; the ecological state of the territory is tense. In Yamal District, reindeer pastures occupy 65 % of the area; the ecological state of the ecosystems is tense or even critical in some places. The area of lichen tundras has decreased by 3,5–4 times, total fodder reserves in lichen-moss tundras, in those areas where they are still preserved, have decreased by 3–10 times. The total reserves of green grass fodder and shrubs has decreased by 1.5–2 and 2–8 times, respectively. Desertification of highlands (bare sands occupied about 6 %) and waterlogging of lowland areas is going on. Technogenic impact on tundra ecosystems disturbs soil and vegetation cover, hydrological regime. Waterlogging of lowlands due to thermoerosion is starting. It is necessary to find compromises between economy, ecology, social and national interests.

Список литературы

  • Alyabina, I.O., “Natural and agricultural zoning”, National Atlas of the Arctic (DVD – electronic version) (Moscow: JSC Roscartography, 2017) (in Russian).
  • Bogdanov, V.D., Golovatin, M.G., “Anthrax in Yamal: an ecological view of traditional reindeer husbandry”, Ekologiya [Ecology] 2, 77–82 (2017) (in Russian).
  • Bogdanov, V.D., Golovatin, M.G., Morozova, L.M., Ektova, S.N., “Socio-ecological conditions of industrial development of the Yamal Peninsula”, Ekonomika regiona [The regional economy] 3 (31), 141–150 (2012) (in Russian).
  • Golovatin, M.G., Paskhal’ny, S.P., “Modern environmental problems of the Yamal Peninsula”, Sci. Bull. of the Yamalo–Nenets Autonomous Okrug 1 (63). Biological resources of the Yamalo–Nenets Autonomous District and problems of their rational use (Salekhard, 2009, p. 106–116) (in Russian).
  • Yelsakov, V.V., “Information technologies in the development of pastoral reindeer husbandry in the European North”, Vestnik AGATU [Vestnik of the Arctic State Agrotechnological University] 4 (12), 51–59 (2023) (in Russian).
  • Dobrovolsky, G.V., Urusevskaya, I.S. (eds.), Map of soil and ecological zoning of the Russian Federation. Scale 1:2 500 000 (Moscow: Talka +, 2013, 16 sheets) (in Russian).
  • Lipsky, S.A., “State of deer pastures in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, factors of their degradation and measures to improve the situation”, Izv. vuzov «Geodeziya i aerofotos’yomka» [News of universities “Geodesy and aerial photography”] 62, no 6, 695–702 (2018). DOI: 10.30533/0536-101X-2018-62-6-695-702 (in Russian).
  • Loiko, P.F., “International legal acts on land rights, including for indigenous and other populations leading a tribal lifestyle in various countries”, Zemlepol’zovanie v mestakh prozhivaniya korennykh malochislennykh narodov Rossii: zakonodatel’stvo i praktika [Collection of speeches, reports and materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical. seminar “Land use in the places of residence of the indigenous peoples of Russia: legislation and practice”] (Moscow: Prospekt, 2010, p. 142–155) (in Russian).
  • Miklyaeva, I.M., “Natural feeding grounds for domestic reindeer”, National Atlas of the Arctic (DVD – electronic version) (Moscow: JSC Roscartography, 2017) (in Russian).
  • Murmansk region in numbers, 2018. Statistical collection (Murmansk, 2019) (in Russian).
  • Scientific and technical problems of Arctic exploration (Moscow: Nauka, 2015) (in Russian).
  • Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., Leonidova, T.V., Rybalsky, N.G., SnakinV.V., et al., “Ecological culture and rational nature management in agriculture of Russia”, Zhizn’ Zemli [Life of the Earth] 44, no 3, 354–363 (2022) (in Russian).
  • Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., “Natural forage lands of Russia”, Ispol’zovanie i okhrana prirodnykh resursov v Rossii [Use and protection of natural resources in Russia] 2 (170), 76–89 (2022) (in Russian).
  • Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., et al., “Agro-landscape and ecological zoning as the basis for sustainable development of agriculture in Eastern Siberia and the Far East”, Biosfera [Biosphere] 14, no. 3, 193–199 (2022). DOI: 10.24855/biosfera.v14i3.695 (in Russian).
  • Yuzhakov, A.A., “Role of the Nenets traditional technology in the preservation of nomadic reindeer husbandry in the Arctic”, Nauchnyi vestnik Yamalo–Nenetskogo avtonomnogo okruga [Sci. Bull. of the Yamalo–Nenets Autonomous Okrug] 1 (102), 31–34 (2019) (in Russian).
  • Golovatin, M.G., Morozova, L.M., Ektova, S.N., Paskhalny, S.P., “The change of tundra biota at Yamal peninsula (the North of the Western Siberia, Russia) in connection with anthropogenic and climatic shifts”, Tundras: Vegetation, Wildlife and Climate trends (New York: Nova Sci. Publ., 2010).
  • Morozova, L.M., Ektova, S.N., “Rate of recovery of lichendominated tundra vegetation after overgrazing at the Yamal Peninsula”, Czech Polar Report 5 (1), 27–32 (2015).

References

  • Alyabina, I.O., “Natural and agricultural zoning”, National Atlas of the Arctic (DVD – electronic version) (Moscow: JSC Roscartography, 2017) (in Russian).
  • Bogdanov, V.D., Golovatin, M.G., “Anthrax in Yamal: an ecological view of traditional reindeer husbandry”, Ekologiya [Ecology] 2, 77–82 (2017) (in Russian).
  • Bogdanov, V.D., Golovatin, M.G., Morozova, L.M., Ektova, S.N., “Socio-ecological conditions of industrial development of the Yamal Peninsula”, Ekonomika regiona [The regional economy] 3 (31), 141–150 (2012) (in Russian).
  • Golovatin, M.G., Paskhal’ny, S.P., “Modern environmental problems of the Yamal Peninsula”, Sci. Bull. of the Yamalo–Nenets Autonomous Okrug 1 (63). Biological resources of the Yamalo–Nenets Autonomous District and problems of their rational use (Salekhard, 2009, p. 106–116) (in Russian).
  • Yelsakov, V.V., “Information technologies in the development of pastoral reindeer husbandry in the European North”, Vestnik AGATU [Vestnik of the Arctic State Agrotechnological University] 4 (12), 51–59 (2023) (in Russian).
  • Dobrovolsky, G.V., Urusevskaya, I.S. (eds.), Map of soil and ecological zoning of the Russian Federation. Scale 1:2 500 000 (Moscow: Talka +, 2013, 16 sheets) (in Russian).
  • Lipsky, S.A., “State of deer pastures in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, factors of their degradation and measures to improve the situation”, Izv. vuzov «Geodeziya i aerofotos’yomka» [News of universities “Geodesy and aerial photography”] 62, no 6, 695–702 (2018). DOI: 10.30533/0536-101X-2018-62-6-695-702 (in Russian).
  • Loiko, P.F., “International legal acts on land rights, including for indigenous and other populations leading a tribal lifestyle in various countries”, Zemlepol’zovanie v mestakh prozhivaniya korennykh malochislennykh narodov Rossii: zakonodatel’stvo i praktika [Collection of speeches, reports and materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical. seminar “Land use in the places of residence of the indigenous peoples of Russia: legislation and practice”] (Moscow: Prospekt, 2010, p. 142–155) (in Russian).
  • Miklyaeva, I.M., “Natural feeding grounds for domestic reindeer”, National Atlas of the Arctic (DVD – electronic version) (Moscow: JSC Roscartography, 2017) (in Russian).
  • Murmansk region in numbers, 2018. Statistical collection (Murmansk, 2019) (in Russian).
  • Scientific and technical problems of Arctic exploration (Moscow: Nauka, 2015) (in Russian).
  • Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., Leonidova, T.V., Rybalsky, N.G., SnakinV.V., et al., “Ecological culture and rational nature management in agriculture of Russia”, Zhizn’ Zemli [Life of the Earth] 44, no 3, 354–363 (2022) (in Russian).
  • Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., “Natural forage lands of Russia”, Ispol’zovanie i okhrana prirodnykh resursov v Rossii [Use and protection of natural resources in Russia] 2 (170), 76–89 (2022) (in Russian).
  • Trofimov, I.A., Trofimova, L.S., Yakovleva, E.P., et al., “Agro-landscape and ecological zoning as the basis for sustainable development of agriculture in Eastern Siberia and the Far East”, Biosfera [Biosphere] 14, no. 3, 193–199 (2022). DOI: 10.24855/biosfera.v14i3.695 (in Russian).
  • Yuzhakov, A.A., “Role of the Nenets traditional technology in the preservation of nomadic reindeer husbandry in the Arctic”, Nauchnyi vestnik Yamalo–Nenetskogo avtonomnogo okruga [Sci. Bull. of the Yamalo–Nenets Autonomous Okrug] 1 (102), 31–34 (2019) (in Russian).
  • Golovatin, M.G., Morozova, L.M., Ektova, S.N., Paskhalny, S.P., “The change of tundra biota at Yamal peninsula (the North of the Western Siberia, Russia) in connection with anthropogenic and climatic shifts”, Tundras: Vegetation, Wildlife and Climate trends (New York: Nova Sci. Publ., 2010).
  • Morozova, L.M., Ektova, S.N., “Rate of recovery of lichendominated tundra vegetation after overgrazing at the Yamal Peninsula”, Czech Polar Report 5 (1), 27–32 (2015).