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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 47, no 2
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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 47, no 2

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10.29003/m4696.0514-7468.2020_47_2/288-297

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Nikishina, N.A.

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history of science, neurosecretion, neuroendocrinology, ecological histophysiology, biotechnics of fish breeding.

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Nikishina, N.A., “N.L. Gerbilsky’s Scientific School of Ecological Histophysiology: on the 125th anniversary of his birthday”, Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 47, no 2, 288–297 (2025) (in Russ., abstr. in Engl.). DOI: 10.29003/m4696.0514-7468.2020_47_2/288-297.

N.L. Gerbilsky’s Scientific School of Ecological Histophysiology: on the 125th anniversary of his birthday

80 years ago, two biologists in the USSR, simultaneously and independently, began researching the mechanisms of hormone production by nerve cells, i.e., the processes of neurosecretion. These were L.B. Levinson from Moscow State University, who was engaged in cytochemical studies of neurosecretion in insects and amphibians, and N.L. Gerbilsky from Leningrad State University (LSU), who studied the structure of two parts of the fish brain (hypothalamus and pituitary gland), and the functions of their hormones (neurohormones) to regulate the processes of vital activity of the body and its adaptation to changing environmental conditions. This fundamental research area worked alongside major foreign scientific schools of neuroendocrinology, E. and B. Sharer, R. Collin, R. Gauppa, B. Hanstra, G. Russi, and M. Mosinger. The work was also of applied importance, in particular, under the leadership of N.L. Gerbilsky, the role of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones in migration and spawning processes in bony and sturgeon fish, who were threatened with extinction due to the start of the construction of hydroelectric power plants in the 1920–1930s. This scientific field has revealed the relationship between the morphofunctional organization of the nervous, endocrine and reproductive systems in animals and ecological features of their species and was called “ecological histophysiology”. The result of N.L. Gerbilsky’s research was the development of a technique for obtaining hormones produced in the fish brain and then injecting them to other individuals to stimulate their reproductive processes in the practice of fish farming. The purpose of this article is to show the contribution of N.L. Gerbilsky and his students to the development of biotechnical methods for managing migration behavior and spawning in bony and sturgeon fish species.

Список литературы

  1. Barannikova, I.A., Boev, A.A., Moiseyeva, E.B., Travkin, B.G., “Methods for determining the gonadotropic activity of the pituitary gland of fish in connection with the issue of standardization of the drug for pituitary injections”, Trudy Vsesojuznogo NII morskogo ribnogo hozjajstva i okeanografii [Proc. of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography] 111, 125–135 (1975) (in Russian).
  2. Barannikova, I.A., Dyubin, V.P., “The formation of regulation of the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland in the evolution of vertebrates”, Ontogenez [Ontogenesis] 23 (3), 260 (1992) (in Russian).
  3. Vyushina, A.V., Semyonova, O.G., Krayushkina, L.S., “Changes in the content of products of oxidative modification of proteins in the blood serum of various species of sturgeon during their adaptation to a hyperosmotic environment”, Integrativnaja fiziologija [Integrative physiology] 4 (4), 466–474 (2023) (in Russian).
  4. Garlov, P.E., Polenov, A.L., “Functional cytomorphology of the preoptic-pituitary neurosecretory system of fish”, Tsitologija [Cytology] 38 (3), 275–299 (1996) (in Russian).
  5. Gerbilsky, N.L., “Data on the characteristics of the gonadotropin factor of the pituitary gland in bony fish”, Bulleten experimentalnoj biologii i meditsini [Bull. of Experimental Biology and Medicine] 5 (5–6), 17–23 (1938) (in Russian).
  6. Gerbilsky, N.L., Gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland in bony and sturgeon. Abstracts of the diss. for Dr. Sci (Biol.) (Leningrad, 1947) (in Russian).
  7. Kazansky, B.N., “Features of the ovary and pituitary gland function in fish with portioned spawning”, Trudy laboratorii osnov ribovodstva [Proc. of the Laboratory of fundamentals of fish farming] 2, 64–120 (1949) (in Russian).
  8. Kazansky, B.N., “Biological bases of acclimatization of pilengas from Peter the Great Bay (Southern Primorye) to the Caspian and Aral Seas”, Abstracts of the XI Sci. conf. Part 11, Natural Sciences (Vladivostok: DVSU, 1966) (in Russian).
  9. Krayushkina, L.S., Moiseyenko, S.N., Bukovskaya, O.S., Golubchikova, V.I., “Histophysiological analysis of adaptation of ecologically different species of sturgeon to a hypertensive environment”, Arhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii [Archive of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology] 73 (9), 62 (1977) (in Russian).
  10. Persov, G.M., Sex differentiation in fish (Leningrad, Publishing House of Leningrad State University, 1975) (in Russian).
  11. Polenov, A.L., Hypothalamic neurosecretion (Leningrad, Nauka, 1971) (in Russian).
  12. Polenov, A.L., Belenky, M.A., “Electron microscope observations of neurosecretory elements in the neurointermediate lobe in skates”, Nature 208 (5005), 94–95 (1965).

References

  1. Barannikova, I.A., Boev, A.A., Moiseyeva, E.B., Travkin, B.G., “Methods for determining the gonadotropic activity of the pituitary gland of fish in connection with the issue of standardization of the drug for pituitary injections”, Trudy Vsesojuznogo NII morskogo ribnogo hozjajstva i okeanografii [Proc. of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography] 111, 125–135 (1975) (in Russian).
  2. Barannikova, I.A., Dyubin, V.P., “The formation of regulation of the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland in the evolution of vertebrates”, Ontogenez [Ontogenesis] 23 (3), 260 (1992) (in Russian).
  3. Vyushina, A.V., Semyonova, O.G., Krayushkina, L.S., “Changes in the content of products of oxidative modification of proteins in the blood serum of various species of sturgeon during their adaptation to a hyperosmotic environment”, Integrativnaja fiziologija [Integrative physiology] 4 (4), 466–474 (2023) (in Russian).
  4. Garlov, P.E., Polenov, A.L., “Functional cytomorphology of the preoptic-pituitary neurosecretory system of fish”, Tsitologija [Cytology] 38 (3), 275–299 (1996) (in Russian).
  5. Gerbilsky, N.L., “Data on the characteristics of the gonadotropin factor of the pituitary gland in bony fish”, Bulleten experimentalnoj biologii i meditsini [Bull. of Experimental Biology and Medicine] 5 (5–6), 17–23 (1938) (in Russian).
  6. Gerbilsky, N.L., Gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland in bony and sturgeon. Abstracts of the diss. for Dr. Sci (Biol.) (Leningrad, 1947) (in Russian).
  7. Kazansky, B.N., “Features of the ovary and pituitary gland function in fish with portioned spawning”, Trudy laboratorii osnov ribovodstva [Proc. of the Laboratory of fundamentals of fish farming] 2, 64–120 (1949) (in Russian).
  8. Kazansky, B.N., “Biological bases of acclimatization of pilengas from Peter the Great Bay (Southern Primorye) to the Caspian and Aral Seas”, Abstracts of the XI Sci. conf. Part 11, Natural Sciences (Vladivostok: DVSU, 1966) (in Russian).
  9. Krayushkina, L.S., Moiseyenko, S.N., Bukovskaya, O.S., Golubchikova, V.I., “Histophysiological analysis of adaptation of ecologically different species of sturgeon to a hypertensive environment”, Arhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii [Archive of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology] 73 (9), 62 (1977) (in Russian).
  10. Persov, G.M., Sex differentiation in fish (Leningrad, Publishing House of Leningrad State University, 1975) (in Russian).
  11. Polenov, A.L., Hypothalamic neurosecretion (Leningrad, Nauka, 1971) (in Russian).
  12. Polenov, A.L., Belenky, M.A., “Electron microscope observations of neurosecretory elements in the neurointermediate lobe in skates”, Nature 208 (5005), 94–95 (1965).