«Жизнь Земли» — междисциплинарный научно-практический журнал
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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 47, no 3
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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 47, no 3

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DOI

10.29003/m4739.0514-7468.2025_47_3/336-347

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Authors:

Bogatyrev, L.G., Pogozhev, E.Yu., Kuznetsov, V.A., Benediktova, A.I., Karpukhin, M.M., Demin, V.V.

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Keywords:

methodology, soil genesis, pedogenesis, system analysis, historical approach, soil classification, evolutionary-historical approach, scientific worldview, continuity of theories.

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Bogatyrev, L.G., Pogozhev, E.Yu., Kuznetsov, V.A., Benediktova, A.I., Karpukhin, M.M., Demin, V.V., “On some concepts and principles in soil science”, Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 47, no 3, 336–347 (2025) (in Russ., abstr. in Engl.). DOI: 10.29003/m4739.0514-7468.2025_47_3/336-347.

On some concepts and principles in soil science

This paper examines the hierarchical organization of principles in soil science, emphasizing their continuity with classical positions from various scientific fields and their role in integrating theory and practice. The study highlights differences in the genesis of principles, ranging from theoretical generalizations to experimentally validated propositions. Special attention is given to ideas of V.I. Vernadsky and V.V. Dokuchaev, who laid the foundations for the systemic and evolutionary-historical approaches to soil study. It is demonstrated that the scientific worldview serves as the pinnacle of this hierarchy, defining a system of generalizations, including the principles of systemicity, historicism, and the primacy of scientific approaches formulated by Academician G.V. Dobrovolsky. These principles ensure unity between theoretical and applied directions, rooted in the classical supra-conceptual ideas by V.V. Dokuchaev, whose works underpin the genetic approach to soil study. Within the hierarchy, following the scientific worldview come methodological principles neutral to specific disciplinary sections, followed by concepts, laws, and principles. For instance, N.M. Sibirtsev’s genetic principle, formulated in the 19th century, continues to define approaches to soil genesis. The paper underscores the importance of continuity, showing that Dokuchaev’s principles of systemicity and historicism remain fundamental for developing new scientific leads. The hierarchical organization of principles and their intra- and interdisciplinary continuity serve as key instruments for the progress in soil science, enabling integration of diverse knowledge into a unified scientific field. The necessity for further systematization of principles, particularly in biogeochemical cycles and interdisciplinary research, and terminology harmonization to strengthen the link between theory and practice is also emphasized.

Список литературы

  1. Aparin, B.F., Scientific Heritage of V.V. Dokuchaev (Moscow: Nauka, 2017) (in Russian).
  2. Bogatyrev, L.G., Benediktova, A.I., Zemskov, F.I., Demin, V.V., Karpukhin, M.M., “Scientific Continuity in Domestic Soil Science”, Pochvovedenie 9, 1187–1198 (2022) (in Russian).
  3. Vernadskiy, V.I., Selected Works on the History of Sciences (Moscow: Nauka, 1981) (in Russian).
  4. Gennadiyev, A.N., “Modern Stage of Soil Development: Chronocorrection of Pedogenic Potential of the Environment”, Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Series 5: Geography 3, 41–48 (1985) (in Russian).
  5. Gerasimov, I.P., Genetic, Geographical, and Historical Problems of Modern Soil Science (Moscow: Nauka, 1976) (in Russian).
  6. Dobrovolsky, G.V., “V.V. Dokuchaev and Modern Natural Sciences”, Pochvovedenie 2, 117–123 (1992. 6) (in Russian).
  7. Dobrovolsky, G.V., Stroganova, M.N., Urusevskaya, I.S., “Outstanding Soil Scientist and Geo­grapher (on the 90th Anniversary of N.N. Rozov)”, Pochvovedenie 8, 1031–1038 (1999) (in Russian).
  8. Dokuchaev, V.V., Selected Works. Ed. S.S. Sobolev (Moscow: Selkhozgiz, 1954) (in Russian).
  9. Dokuchaev, V.V., Selected Works. Ed. B.B. Polynov (Moscow: AN USSR, 1949) (in Russian).
  10. Zakharov, S.A., Soil Science Course (Moscow: Selkhozgiz, 1931) (in Russian).
  11. Classification and Diagnosis of Russian Soils (Smolensk: Oikoumene, 2004) (in Russian).
  12. Kolesnikova, V.M., Alyabina, I.O., Vorob’eva, L.A., et al., “Soil Attribute Database of Russia”, Pochvovedenie 8, 899–908 (2010) (in Russian).
  13. Lebedeva, I.I., Ovechkin, S.V., Korolyuk, T.V., et al., “Soil-Genetic Zoning: Principles, Tasks, Structure, Application”, Pochvovedenie 7, 715–727 (2012) (in Russian).
  14. Lebedeva, I.I., Tonkonogov, V.D., Gerasimova, M.I., “Diagnostic Horizons in Substantive-Genetic Soil Classifications”, Pochvovedenie 9, 1068–1075 (1999) (in Russian).
  15. Lobova, E.V., Khabarov, A.V., Soils (Moscow: Mysl, 1983) (in Russian).
  16. Prasolov, L.I., Soil Regions of European Russia (Petrograd: Gosizdat, 1922) (in Russian).
  17. Rode, A.A., System of Research Methods in Soil Science (Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1971) (in Russian).
  18. Rozanov, B.G., Soil Cover of the Earth’s Globe (Moscow: Izd-vo MSU, 1977) (in Russian).
  19. Sibirtsev, N.M., Selected Works. V. 2 (Moscow: AN USSR, 1953) (in Russian).
  20. Sokolov, I.A., Konyushkov, D.E., “On the Laws of Genesis and Geography of Soils”, Pochvovedenie 7, 777–788 (2002) (in Russian).
  21. Sokolov, I.A., Konyushkov, D.E., “Development of the Theory of Genesis and Geography of Soils”, Pochvovedenie 1, 43–48 (1999) (in Russian).
  22. Sokolov, I.A., “Spatiotemporal Organization of the Pedosphere and Its Evolutionary-Ecologi­cal Determination”, Pochvovedenie 7, 12–22 (1993) (in Russian).
  23. Tonkonogov, V.D., Lebedeva, I.I., Gerasimova, M.I., “Formation and Current State of Soil Classification”, Pochvovedenie 1, 37–42 (1999) (in Russian).
  24. Fridland, V.M., “Foundations of Profile-Genetic Component of Basic Soil Classification”, Pochvovedenie 6, 106–118 (1981) (in Russian).
  25. Fridland, V.M., Problems of Geography, Genesis, and Soil Classification (Moscow: Nauka, 1986) (in Russian).

References

  1. Aparin, B.F., Scientific Heritage of V.V. Dokuchaev (Moscow: Nauka, 2017) (in Russian).
  2. Bogatyrev, L.G., Benediktova, A.I., Zemskov, F.I., Demin, V.V., Karpukhin, M.M., “Scientific Continuity in Domestic Soil Science”, Pochvovedenie 9, 1187–1198 (2022) (in Russian).
  3. Vernadskiy, V.I., Selected Works on the History of Sciences (Moscow: Nauka, 1981) (in Russian).
  4. Gennadiyev, A.N., “Modern Stage of Soil Development: Chronocorrection of Pedogenic Potential of the Environment”, Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Series 5: Geography 3, 41–48 (1985) (in Russian).
  5. Gerasimov, I.P., Genetic, Geographical, and Historical Problems of Modern Soil Science (Moscow: Nauka, 1976) (in Russian).
  6. Dobrovolsky, G.V., “V.V. Dokuchaev and Modern Natural Sciences”, Pochvovedenie 2, 117–123 (1992. 6) (in Russian).
  7. Dobrovolsky, G.V., Stroganova, M.N., Urusevskaya, I.S., “Outstanding Soil Scientist and Geo­grapher (on the 90th Anniversary of N.N. Rozov)”, Pochvovedenie 8, 1031–1038 (1999) (in Russian).
  8. Dokuchaev, V.V., Selected Works. Ed. S.S. Sobolev (Moscow: Selkhozgiz, 1954) (in Russian).
  9. Dokuchaev, V.V., Selected Works. Ed. B.B. Polynov (Moscow: AN USSR, 1949) (in Russian).
  10. Zakharov, S.A., Soil Science Course (Moscow: Selkhozgiz, 1931) (in Russian).
  11. Classification and Diagnosis of Russian Soils (Smolensk: Oikoumene, 2004) (in Russian).
  12. Kolesnikova, V.M., Alyabina, I.O., Vorob’eva, L.A., et al., “Soil Attribute Database of Russia”, Pochvovedenie 8, 899–908 (2010) (in Russian).
  13. Lebedeva, I.I., Ovechkin, S.V., Korolyuk, T.V., et al., “Soil-Genetic Zoning: Principles, Tasks, Structure, Application”, Pochvovedenie 7, 715–727 (2012) (in Russian).
  14. Lebedeva, I.I., Tonkonogov, V.D., Gerasimova, M.I., “Diagnostic Horizons in Substantive-Genetic Soil Classifications”, Pochvovedenie 9, 1068–1075 (1999) (in Russian).
  15. Lobova, E.V., Khabarov, A.V., Soils (Moscow: Mysl, 1983) (in Russian).
  16. Prasolov, L.I., Soil Regions of European Russia (Petrograd: Gosizdat, 1922) (in Russian).
  17. Rode, A.A., System of Research Methods in Soil Science (Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1971) (in Russian).
  18. Rozanov, B.G., Soil Cover of the Earth’s Globe (Moscow: Izd-vo MSU, 1977) (in Russian).
  19. Sibirtsev, N.M., Selected Works. V. 2 (Moscow: AN USSR, 1953) (in Russian).
  20. Sokolov, I.A., Konyushkov, D.E., “On the Laws of Genesis and Geography of Soils”, Pochvovedenie 7, 777–788 (2002) (in Russian).
  21. Sokolov, I.A., Konyushkov, D.E., “Development of the Theory of Genesis and Geography of Soils”, Pochvovedenie 1, 43–48 (1999) (in Russian).
  22. Sokolov, I.A., “Spatiotemporal Organization of the Pedosphere and Its Evolutionary-Ecologi­cal Determination”, Pochvovedenie 7, 12–22 (1993) (in Russian).
  23. Tonkonogov, V.D., Lebedeva, I.I., Gerasimova, M.I., “Formation and Current State of Soil Classification”, Pochvovedenie 1, 37–42 (1999) (in Russian).
  24. Fridland, V.M., “Foundations of Profile-Genetic Component of Basic Soil Classification”, Pochvovedenie 6, 106–118 (1981) (in Russian).
  25. Fridland, V.M., Problems of Geography, Genesis, and Soil Classification (Moscow: Nauka, 1986) (in Russian).