The article talks about the important role played by the rectilinear-directing mechanism in the history of world science and technology. Using the example of pantograph, an early mathematical instrument, we will trace the development of this design, unique in its simplicity, over time and show rare examples of these devices from the collection of the Museum of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The widespread use of pantographs dates back to the 18th–19th centuries, which allows us to reveal the relationship between natural sciences (the body of knowledge about the Earth, natural objects, phenomena and processes) and engineering, purely technical disciplines, using the example of the use of these scientific instruments in the activities of naturalists and scientists and inventors. Until recently, in mechanical engineering, the use of pantograph mechanisms made it possible to solve the problems of producing parts with complex shaped surfaces on copying machines without the use of CNC systems. Nowadays, copying machines with pantographs continue to be produced, but rather for hobbies, leisure, and artistic processing of materials. The authors’ choice of the topic is dictated by the infrequent mention of such tools and mechanisms in modern Russian publications and sources.
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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 1
Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 1
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Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 1
Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 1
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DOI
10.29003/m3776.0514-7468.2024_46_1/81-89
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Authors:
Bazanchuk, G.A., Kurakov, S.V., Tikhomirov, G.V.
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Keywords:
pantograph, early mathematical instruments, scale, copier, copying, pantograph copying machine.
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Bazanchuk, G.A., Kurakov, S.V., Tikhomirov, G.V., “Pantograph: the history of this universal device”, Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 46, no 1, 81–89 (2024) (in Russ., abstract in Engl.). DOI: 10.29003/m3776.0514-7468.2024_46_1/81-89.
PANTOGRAPH: THE HISTORY OF THIS UNIVERSAL DEVICE
Список литературы
- Artobolevsky, I.I., Mechanisms in modern technique (Moscow: LENAND, 2021. V. 1) (in Russian).
- Bazanchuk, G.A., Kurakov, S.V., “Engineering graphics and drawing as an Аrt. Exhibits from the museum collection of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University”, Stankoinstrument 4 (17), 120 (2019) (in Russian).
- Bazanchuk, G.A., Kurakov, S.V., “Early mathematical instruments in the museum collection of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University: The connection of natural and applied sciences”, Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 44 (1), 90–91 (2022) (in Russian).
- Yershov, B.A., Kuteyeva, G.A., Tarabarin, V.B., “Role of P. Chebyshev’s models of mechanisms in the history of science and technology”, Gumanitarnyy vestnik 1 (39), 8–11 (2016) (in Russian).
- Zagorsky, F.N., Proc. of La Condamine on the Theory of Copy Turning Lathes (Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1960) (in Russian).
- Netyksa, M.A., Drawing technique: About how and with what to draw (Moscow: Typo-lithography T-va I.N. Kushnerev and Cº, 1913) (in Russian).
- Tarabarin, V.B., Collection of mechanisms models from BMSTU. Historical part 1860-1935 (Moscow: Pervyi tom [First volume], 2019) (in Russian).
- Bergeron, L.-E., Manuel du tourneur: ouvrage dans lequel on enseigne aux amateurs la manière d’exécuter sur le tour à pointes, à lunette, en l’air, excentrique, ovale, à guillocher, quarré, à portraits & autres, tout ce que l’art a produit de plus ingénieux & de plus agréable (https://archive.org/details/manueldutourneur02berg/mode/2up).
- Besson, J., Théatre des instrumens mathématiques et méchaniques de Jacques Besson, avec l’interprétation des figures d’icelui par Fr. Beroald – Gallica (Bibliothèque nationale de France) (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb393159737).
- Scheiner, Ch., Pantographice, seu ars delineandi res quaslibet per parallelogrammum lineare seu cavum, mechanicum, mobile: libellis duobus explicata, et demonstrationibus geometricis illustrate, (https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008065183/page/n11/mode/2up).
References
- Artobolevsky, I.I., Mechanisms in modern technique (Moscow: LENAND, 2021. V. 1) (in Russian).
- Bazanchuk, G.A., Kurakov, S.V., “Engineering graphics and drawing as an Аrt. Exhibits from the museum collection of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University”, Stankoinstrument 4 (17), 120 (2019) (in Russian).
- Bazanchuk, G.A., Kurakov, S.V., “Early mathematical instruments in the museum collection of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University: The connection of natural and applied sciences”, Zhizn Zemli [Life of the Earth] 44 (1), 90–91 (2022) (in Russian).
- Yershov, B.A., Kuteyeva, G.A., Tarabarin, V.B., “Role of P. Chebyshev’s models of mechanisms in the history of science and technology”, Gumanitarnyy vestnik 1 (39), 8–11 (2016) (in Russian).
- Zagorsky, F.N., Proc. of La Condamine on the Theory of Copy Turning Lathes (Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1960) (in Russian).
- Netyksa, M.A., Drawing technique: About how and with what to draw (Moscow: Typo-lithography T-va I.N. Kushnerev and Cº, 1913) (in Russian).
- Tarabarin, V.B., Collection of mechanisms models from BMSTU. Historical part 1860-1935 (Moscow: Pervyi tom [First volume], 2019) (in Russian).
- Bergeron, L.-E., Manuel du tourneur: ouvrage dans lequel on enseigne aux amateurs la manière d’exécuter sur le tour à pointes, à lunette, en l’air, excentrique, ovale, à guillocher, quarré, à portraits & autres, tout ce que l’art a produit de plus ingénieux & de plus agréable (https://archive.org/details/manueldutourneur02berg/mode/2up).
- Besson, J., Théatre des instrumens mathématiques et méchaniques de Jacques Besson, avec l’interprétation des figures d’icelui par Fr. Beroald – Gallica (Bibliothèque nationale de France) (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb393159737).
- Scheiner, Ch., Pantographice, seu ars delineandi res quaslibet per parallelogrammum lineare seu cavum, mechanicum, mobile: libellis duobus explicata, et demonstrationibus geometricis illustrate, (https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008065183/page/n11/mode/2up).